Grant: Planning and Dissemination Grant - Institute Community Support

For a long time, scientists believed that only one part of the immune system-called the adaptive immune system-could "remember" past infections. But new research shows that another part, the innate immune system, can also be trained to respond more effectively to future infections. This process is called trained immunity. Trained immunity helps the body fight off not just repeat infections but also new, unrelated ones. For example, the BCG vaccine, originally used to prevent tuberculosis in newborns, has been found to also protect against other lung infections like influenza and even yellow fever. This protection relies on communication between both arms of the immune system. Trained immunity works through changes in gene activity in immune cells, and it opens the door to exciting new ways of designing vaccines and treating immune-related diseases. In fall 2026, Canada will host its first scientific conference on trained immunity. The event will bring together international experts and early-career researchers to explore how this new understanding of the immune system can improve health and prevent disease. The conference will include scientific talks, networking events, career development sessions, and opportunities for students and postdocs to present their work. This will be a major step in establishing Canada as a leader in this fast-growing field.