Grant: CIHR Fellowship

Approximately 3% of Canadians experience psychotic disorders, leading to reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Up to 50% of people with psychosis also have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), further complicating their recovery. The most effective medications for treating ADHD, such as stimulants like amphetamines and methylphenidate, are generally avoided in people with a history of psychosis for fear that they may worsen the symptoms of psychosis. As a result, many people do not receive optimal treatment for their ADHD, leaving them with ongoing difficulties in everyday life. This research, which will take place between April 2025 and January 2028, aims to address this critical issue. It will: 1) Review all existing scientific data on the treatment of ADHD in people with psychosis; 2) Examine the safety of using ADHD medication in a large Canadian population aged 14 to 65 years with psychosis; 3) Evaluate the benefits of ADHD medication in young adults with a first episode of psychosis, focusing on recovery and ADHD symptoms; 4) Develop treatment guidelines for ADHD in people with psychotic disorders based on these findings. These recommendations will be proposed by a group of experts, patient-partners, and support organizations to optimize the care of people with ADHD and psychosis. People with lived experience of both ADHD and psychosis will be involved at every stage of this research to ensure that their needs are adequately addressed. The results will provide a better understanding of the risks and benefits of using ADHD medication in people with ADHD and psychosis. The proposed treatment recommendations will be the first to offer guidance on the optimal treatment of ADHD in people with psychosis. This will lead to more informed decision-making by patients and their healthcare providers, potentially transforming clinical practice and improving the chances of recovery for those affected by both ADHD and psychotic disorders.