Grant: Operating Grant

The action of the motor system, that controls our bodies muscles, is critical for everything that we do. The remarkable abilities of the brain's motor control system allow us to learn how to walk and later as adults learn new tasks. My lab will apply new techniques to further address classic work on the structure and function of the motor system. The ability of the motor system to change is also essential for recovery after debilitating injuries such as stroke or damage to the spinal cord. We hope that by understanding the motor system's circuits on a basic level that new insight into treatment of those affected by diseases that impact the sensory and motor system will achieved. To do this, we believe we need to unravel the motor system's complex circuits. The brain is organized much like a circuit diagram within a computer with discrete wires or connections. However, none of the brain circuits or cells have color-coding or labels which enable technicians to service them. Here, using new genetic technologies we will employ strategies, which label select mouse neurons with fluorescent proteins, which enable them to glow under particular wavelengths of light. Not only can the glowing neurons be found by light, but they can also be controlled by light using new light-sensitive protein ion channels, which transmit light energy into excitation or inhibition. Using these fluorescing neurons, which can be controlled by light, we plan to unravel how the motor system can control specific muscles, but yet be flexible to change. We also will understand how this system can be modulated or altered by ongoing experiences. Lastly, we plan to understand how different behavioral states (for example awake versus asleep), and brain rhythms impact the function of the motor system. Overall, our goal is that through insight into motor system function novel treatments will ensue, permitting better lives for those affected by diseases that alter motor function.