Grant: Alliance Grants

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a priority for mitigating climate changes. In its 2030 emissions reduction plan, Canada targets to reduce its emissions 40% below 2005 levels by 2030 and reach net-zero emissions by 2050. Although methane represents 11% of greenhouse gases, it has 86 times the warming power of carbon dioxide over a 20-year period. Therefore, it is particularly important to reduce anthropogenic methane emissions. Agriculture contributed to 29% Canada's total methane emissions in 2019, most of it coming from biological sources, such as livestock production through enteric fermentation. The global objective of this proposal is to develop a platform, based on an optical nose on chip, allowing the monitoring of methane emissions in dairy farms to validate and refine the effect of on-farm interventions to reduce methane produced by cows in lactation. The mission of our partner Lactanet is to advise 6800 producers across Canada to improve the sustainability and profitability of dairy farms. The optical nose will be fabricated on a silicon chip using similar processes as the ones used in microelectronics industry and have an array of optical microresonators in polymers. Such approach allows low-cost fabrication of large numbers of sensors necessary for the deployment in production dairy farms. Indeed, the high cost of commercial sensors available on the market are preventing their use at large scale. In this project, we will apply machine learning strategies to the optical nose, which will be placed in the feeding box of the milking robot. To develop reliable algorithms rendering a 24h methane emission, it is necessary to develop models correlating data from methane sensors in the feeding box, which are taken for 5 minutes 3 times a day, with continuous methane emission recorded from a metabolic chamber. The latter will be realized in collaboration with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Better understanding and accurate monitoring of methane emissions have a great potential not only to reduce the environmental impact, but also for improved animal health, and increased productivity. Indeed, methane production can consume up to 12% of the energy ingested by cattle.