Grant: Operating Grant

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a family of viruses which include a dozen high-risk (HR) types. HPV infections are very common. Most infections will disappear on their own, without any consequences. However, some HR infections persist and can progress to cervical precancer and cancer. HPV tests can be used for cervical cancer screening in older women. HPV vaccines can prevent infections and related precancers and cancers. Because the vaccines do not treat infections or disease that is already present, they are most effective if given before women begin having sex. Older women remain at risk of acquiring infections throughout their lifetime and for this reason some experts have advocated that they should be vaccinated also. However, it is possible that infections acquired later in life do not carry the same risk of progressing to disease. Although up to now the few research efforts in older women have focused on the risk of infections. We believe research needs to focus on the risk of precancer, because infections are most often not problematic. To address this question, we will study a subgroup from a large cohort of women over 30 who have been diagnosed with an HPV infection and investigated for the presence of precancer. We will determine the type of HPV causing the infection and verify if the risk of disease varies with age. This will help public health officials propose cervical cancer prevention strategies that are best suited for women of various ages.