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Grant: Class Grant and Contribution Program to Support Research, Awareness and Learning in Space Science and Technology

McGill University|Université McGill

$97,625.00

Cosmology with the MIST Radio Experiment from the McGill Arctic Research Station Space Analogue Site

FY 2021-22 · 2022-03-21

Summary
The periods before and during the formation of the first stars in the Universe, known respectively as the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn, remain almost completely unexplored. In the current paradigm of cosmology, the first stars formed within the first 100 million years of the Universe, and studying them through direct optical or infrared observations is not expected to be possible. Fortunately, the early Universe was filled with neutral hydrogen gas, out of which the first stars formed. Ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the first stars and galaxies left an imprint on the 21 cm neutral hydrogen radiation, which is a promising observational tool for characterizing the first stars and galaxies. This project consists of deploying custom-built radio telescopes at the extremely remote McGill Arctic Research Station (MARS), in the Canadian High Arctic, to attempt to observe the faint signal emitted by the first stars. The main purpose of this project is to use these telescopes as prototypes for a future space mission and test them at MARS, which will be used as a space analogue site. In addition to conducting the sky measurements, other objectives of this project include the characterization of the soil and topography at MARS, and the accurate calibration of the radio instruments in the laboratory before and after the MARS deployments. Broader objectives include the hands-on training of students in all aspects of the project and the dissemination of results in conferences and scientific journals. This project will enable, for the first time, testing of radio telescopes’ performance at a space analogue site. The expected outcomes include the verification of the performance of the telescopes, the experience gained by the team after operating these instruments at an extremely remote site, and the use of the sky measurements to test physical hypotheses about the first stars. The hands-on training received by the students will help them to strongly contribute to industry and academia. The measurement techniques to be demonstrated at MARS will go beyond the state-of-the-art in radio engineering and geophysics, and this project will promote Canadian participation in international partnerships.
Program
Class Grant and Contribution Program to Support Research, Awareness and Learning in Space Science and Technology
Location
Montreal|Montréal, Quebec, Canada
Recipient Type
Academia
Type
Grant
Source
Proactive Disclosure - Grants and Contributions

Amendments

Each version of the agreement as published, oldest first, with its total as of that version. The amount above is the latest.

AmendmentDateFiscal YearTotal
02022-03-212021-22$97,625.00
12022-03-212021-22$97,625.00

As published

Additional Information
The end date has been changed to March 31, 2026
Additional Information (French)
La date de fin est modifiée et fixée au 31 mars 2026.
Agreement End Date
2026-03-31
Agreement Number
21FAMCGB15
Agreement Start Date
2022-03-21
Agreement Title
Cosmology with the MIST Radio Experiment from the McGill Arctic Research Station Space Analogue Site
Agreement Title (French)
Cosmologie avec l’expérience radio MIST depuis le site analogue de la station de recherche arctique de l’Université McGill
Agreement Type
Grant
Agreement Value
$97,625.00
Amendment Date
2025-03-06
Amendment Number
1
Description
The periods before and during the formation of the first stars in the Universe, known respectively as the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn, remain almost completely unexplored. In the current paradigm of cosmology, the first stars formed within the first 100 million years of the Universe, and studying them through direct optical or infrared observations is not expected to be possible. Fortunately, the early Universe was filled with neutral hydrogen gas, out of which the first stars formed. Ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the first stars and galaxies left an imprint on the 21 cm neutral hydrogen radiation, which is a promising observational tool for characterizing the first stars and galaxies. This project consists of deploying custom-built radio telescopes at the extremely remote McGill Arctic Research Station (MARS), in the Canadian High Arctic, to attempt to observe the faint signal emitted by the first stars. The main purpose of this project is to use these telescopes as prototypes for a future space mission and test them at MARS, which will be used as a space analogue site. In addition to conducting the sky measurements, other objectives of this project include the characterization of the soil and topography at MARS, and the accurate calibration of the radio instruments in the laboratory before and after the MARS deployments. Broader objectives include the hands-on training of students in all aspects of the project and the dissemination of results in conferences and scientific journals. This project will enable, for the first time, testing of radio telescopes’ performance at a space analogue site. The expected outcomes include the verification of the performance of the telescopes, the experience gained by the team after operating these instruments at an extremely remote site, and the use of the sky measurements to test physical hypotheses about the first stars. The hands-on training received by the students will help them to strongly contribute to industry and academia. The measurement techniques to be demonstrated at MARS will go beyond the state-of-the-art in radio engineering and geophysics, and this project will promote Canadian participation in international partnerships.
Description (French)
Les Âges sombres de l’Univers ainsi que l’Aube Cosmique, expressions qui réfèrent respectivement à la période précédant la formation des premières étoiles et à celle de leur apparition, sont encore aujourd’hui presque complètement inexplorés. Selon le paradigme cosmologique actuel, les premières étoiles sont apparues au cours des premiers 100 millions d’années d’existence de l’Univers et les étudier au moyen d’observations optiques ou infrarouges directes n’est pas présumé possible. Par chance, l’Univers primitif était chargé de gaz d’hydrogène neutre, à partir duquel se sont formées les premières étoiles. Les rayons ultraviolets et les rayons X émis par la formation des premières étoiles et galaxies ont laissé une empreinte dans le spectre de l’hydrogène neutre à 21 cm, ce qui apparaît comme un outil d’observation prometteur pour caractériser les premières étoiles et galaxies. Ce projet consiste à déployer des radiotélescopes construits sur mesure à la très éloignée Station de recherche arctique McGill (MARS), dans le Grand Nord canadien, pour tenter d’observer le faible signal émis par les premières étoiles. L’objet principal de ce projet est d’utiliser ces télescopes comme prototypes pour une future mission spatiale et de les tester à la MARS, qui sera utilisée comme site spatial analogue. Outre la réalisation des mesures du ciel, les autres objectifs de ce projet comprennent la caractérisation du sol et de la topographie à la MARS, ainsi que l'étalonnage précis des instruments radio en laboratoire avant et après les déploiements à la MARS. Les objectifs plus larges comprennent la formation pratique des étudiants dans tous les aspects du projet et la diffusion des résultats lors de congrès et dans des publications scientifiques. Ce projet permettra de tester pour la première fois le rendement des radiotélescopes sur un site spatial analogue. Les résultats attendus incluent la vérification du rendement des télescopes, l’expérience acquise par l’équipe après avoir fait fonctionner ces instruments sur un site extrêmement éloigné et l’utilisation des mesures du ciel pour mettre à l’épreuve les hypothèses physiques sur les premières étoiles. La formation pratique que recevront les étudiants les aidera à contribuer grandement à l’industrie et au milieu universitaire. Les techniques de mesure qui seront démontrées à la MARS iront au-delà de la technologie de pointe en matière d’ingénierie radio et de géophysique, et ce projet favorisera la participation canadienne à des partenariats internationaux.
Expected Results
The Research component of the program provides financial support to organizations to conduct space related research and development in priority areas. It will support targeted knowledge development and innovation to sustain and enhance the Canadian capacity to use space to address national needs and priorities in the future.
Expected Results (French)
Le volet Recherche du programme offre aux organisations une aide financière qui leur permettra de mener leurs activités de recherche et développement spatiales dans des secteurs prioritaires. Ce volet appuiera le développement des connaissances et l’innovation dans les domaines ciblés de manière à soutenir et à accroître la capacité du Canada d’utiliser l’espace pour répondre aux besoins et aux priorités du pays dans le futur.
Organization Code
csa-asc
Organization
Canadian Space Agency | Agence spatiale canadienne
Program Name
Class Grant and Contribution Program to Support Research, Awareness and Learning in Space Science and Technology
Program Name (French)
Programme global de subventions et contributions à l'appui de la recherche, de la sensibilisation et de l'éducation en sciences et technologies spatiales
Program Purpose
This program supports knowledge development and innovation in the CSA's priority areas while increasing the awareness and participation of Canadians in space-related disciplines and activities. The Research Component aims to support the development of science and technology; foster the continual development of a critical mass of researchers and highly qualified people in Canada; and support information gathering and space-related studies and research pertaining to Canadian Space Agency priorities.
Program Purpose (French)
Ce programme appuie le développement des connaissances et l'innovation dans des domaines prioritaires de l'ASC et accroît la sensibilisation et la participation des Canadiens aux disciplines et aux activités liées à l'espace. Le volet Recherche vise à soutenir le développement des sciences et des technologies, à favoriser le développement continu d'une masse critique de chercheurs et de personnes hautement qualifiées au Canada, et à appuyer la collecte d'information, la recherche et les études relatives à l'espace en tenant compte des priorités de l'ASC.
Recipient City
Montreal|Montréal
Recipient Country
CA
Recipient Legal Name
McGill University|Université McGill
Recipient Postal Code
H3A 0G4
Recipient Province or Territory
QC
Recipient Type
S
Reference Number
003-2021-2022-Q4-00054
McGill University|Université McGill - $97,625 Grant (… | Canada Spends