Grant: CIHR Café Scientifique Program

While the public generally appreciates the need for health research as it relates to understanding and treating human disease, we will present this in context of the need for, and understanding of, the basic science that underpins disease and treatment, specifically as this relates to human mutations in genes making specific membrane channel proteins. These proteins, called connexins, form unique channels (i.e., gap junction channels) that are the only cellular structures that permit a direct exchange of small biological molecules between the cells in contact. These "intercellular channels" permit the passage of ions and metabolites among a common population of cells. By controlling this exchange, they can be viewed as key players in maintaining normal functions of the body, in particular organs and tissue, a process referred to as homeostasis. They also play a critical role in other basic physiological processes such as development, tissue differentiation and maintenance of tissue functions. The link between connexins and human disease has been reinforced as the identification of the number of connexin genes has extended to 21, and mutations in 9 of these genes are linked to various diseases. These include developmental disorders, cataracts, skin disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, epilepsy and cancer. We will also the value of model systems designed to explore the mechanisms of these mutations and possible therapeutic insights. In addition, participation of graduate students will demonstrate how basic research is essential to the training of our future scientists. Some of their research will be available at the Cafe in the form of lay-friendly poster presentations. Furthermore, the participation of "special guests" with specific diseases due to connexin mutations will personalize the message.