Grant: Rapid Funding for DSEN Targeted Research

Data from the World Health Organisation estimated that there are 1.5 million HIV+ pregnant women worldwide and approximately 57% of them are receiving effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Infants, that are born of HIV+ women who are not adequately treated, are at risk of HIV infection. In particular, these infants are at risk for HIV transmission during pregnancy, the intrapartum period or potentially through breastfeeding. HIV infection in the neonate is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. ARV therapy can reduce maternal-to-child transmission (MTCT) in pregnancy and after delivery. It can also reduce mortality and morbidity in HIV-infected individuals. Concerns have been raised about the impact of ARV therapy on the fetus and infant. For example, exposure to maternal ARV therapy may be associated with preterm birth, anemia and low birth weight. And, some studies have suggested a potential increased risk of congenital abnormalities with ARV therapy. We will complete a systematic review and network meta-analysis of the comparative safety and effectiveness of ARV therapy in exposed infants. This study will inform efforts of policy makers, clinicians and patients who are considering therapy.