Grant: Alliance Grants

Quantum computing (QC) has advanced significantly, with recent demonstration of small-scale prototypes ranging from several to ~100 physical qubits (i.e. the basic computation units in QC). However, the critical challenge lies in the implementation of large-scale (LS) QC systems with millions of qubits that are uniformly integrated and accurately controlled. To overcome this bottleneck and work towards achieving quantum supremacy, it is crucial to develop sophisticated design and simulation tools for automated design, and address the issue of variation, which directly impacts yield, cost, and feasibility. In partnership with Nanoacademic Technologies, a pioneering company in quantum hardware simulation, we propose to tackle these primary challenges through a combination of simulation, modeling, and experimental approaches. We will target spin qubits, a semiconductor-based quantum technology that offers unique advantages for LS integration, thanks to its high-density and compatibility with well-established complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits. Through three interrelated thrusts, we aim to (1) develop state-of-the-art numerical simulation tools that account for process variation, material varieties, and qubit structural differences, (2) create compact models and design frameworks for qubits and cryogenic CMOS, enabling holistic simulation and design of QC/CMOS systems while accounting for variation effects, and (3) conduct experimental investigations to validate the model and demonstrate a scalable spin qubit QC solution.The anticipated outcome is a comprehensive toolkit addressing the challenges from device technology to system design for spin qubits, which is currently lacking but necessary for the development of LS quantum computers. The technological innovations, with a clear commercialization path, will benefit the global quantum community and accelerate the development of LS QC, further enhancing Canada's leadership in QC. The highly qualified personnel will receive extensive training in multidisciplinary knowledge, industry-ready skills, and equity, diversity, and inclusion practices, positioning them as future leaders in the quantum field.