Grant: Joint Canada-Israel Health Research Program

Malaria is one of the world's most common infectious diseases, with approximately 241 million cases each year and 627 000 deaths, and thus represents one of the most devastating global public health problems. The lack of an effective vaccine, the emergence of resistance to first-line drugs like artemisinines, combined with the small number of suitable new drugs against the malaria parasite demonstrate the urgent need for the development and implementation of novel intervention strategies in the form of drugs, vector control measures and an effective vaccine. Indeed, it is expected that if the trend in malaria prevalence stays on its current upwards course, the death rate could double in the next twenty years. Sickle cell disease is inherited red blood cell disorders which can cause red blood cells to take on the shape of a sickle or crescent. It typically manifests itself in early childhood and is characterized by severe, often lethal anaemia, repeated infections and periodic pain episodes. It has been hypothesized that individuals affected by sickle cell disease have a certain protection against malaria, however we do not understand why. Our work will thus try to determine if and how people suffering from sickle cell disease are protected from severe malaria in Sudan. Our results will help the Sudanese health system and improve the medical care of the people of Sudan.