Grant: Doctoral: Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships

Inuit in Canada experience the highest infant mortality rate in the country, as well as significantly higher rates of preterm births, stillbirths, and maternal health issues, as compared to the non-Inuit population. These differences are attributed, in part, to the lack of availability and type of obstetrical care women receive. Most women are required to fly out of their communities to Iqaluit or Ottawa for birth, and may have to remain in distant hospitals for weeks or months (referred to as obstetric evacuation). This obstetric evacuation can have serious impacts on the overall health and well-being of a mother and child, but also that of her family and community, who find it challenging to connect emotionally with a newborn after missing the birthing event. Few studies have examined how Inuit psychological, emotional, and spiritual connections to the land influence both their health outcomes and childbirth experiences. The proposed research will explore how the health of mothers and infants may vary based on birth location, and how Inuit experience the health system, given the reality of obstetric evacuation. A cross-sectional study will be used to determine the prevalence of maternal and infant health issues among women who give birth at home, Iqaluit, and Ottawa. Interviews with Inuit mothers, family members, and Elders will be opportunities to hear Inuit perspectives on their historic and current childbirth experiences. Results will be shared with policy-makers and primary healthcare workers, and will include Inuit-identified recommendations for improving health policy and healthcare for mothers and infants, such that Inuit have access to the type and extent of care they have reason to value. This research provides critical information intended to inform policy and programs to reduce the rates of maternal and infant health issues among Inuit in Canada, and enhance the responsiveness of the health system to Inuit needs, preferences, and culture.