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Program directory · Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada

Specific Claims

Program code
BWM03 (INAC)
Core responsibility
Crown-Indigenous Relations
In Departmental Plans
2018-19 – 2025-26 · Appeared and later dropped

What it does

Specific claims are past grievances made by a First Nation against the federal government which relate to the administration of land and other First Nation assets and to the fulfilment of historic treaties. Examples include the failure to provide enough reserve land, the improper management of First Nation funds, and the unlawful surrender of reserve lands. Key activities include the assessment of the historical and legal facts of a claim, the negotiation of settlement agreements, supporting the presentation of Canada’s interests before the Specific Claims Tribunal, and payment of monetary compensation to First Nations pursuant to the terms of a settlement agreement or an award of the Tribunal. Resolving specific claims fairly and expeditiously supports the recognition and respect of First Nations’ rights, discharges outstanding legal obligations of the Crown, and provides certainty for all Canadians.

Source: the department's Program Inventory, via GC InfoBase.

History and lineage

First appears in GC InfoBase's actual spending by program in 2018-19. The data does not record when a program was created; it may be older than its first appearance here, which is limited by the sources (program spending starts in 2010-11, Departmental Plans in 2018-19).

2018-192019-202020-212021-222022-232023-242024-252025-262026-272027-28Specific Claims 2018-19: $655MSpecific Claims 2019-20: $826MSpecific Claims 2020-21: $1.77BSpecific Claims 2021-22: $417MSpecific Claims 2022-23: $3.6BSpecific Claims 2023-24: $2.82BSpecific Claims 2024-25: $8.35BSpecific Claims 2025-26: $4.83BSpecific Claims 2026-27: $1.66BSpecific Claims 2027-28: $68.7MSpecific Claims
Bars: spending by fiscal year (dark: actual; light: actual restated on the 2017-18 program structure; outlined: the latest plan's forecast; grey: related programs). Bands: each program in the lineage over the years it has data.
ProgramRelationYears with dataActual spending over those years
Specific ClaimsThis program2018-19 – 2027-28$18.4B

No earlier or later program in the same department has a similar name.

Significant changes in scope and budget

Detected from the data: renames between plans, programs it appears to replace, merge with or split into (matched by name), year-over-year changes in spending of at least 25% and $5M, or in employees of at least 20% and 25 FTEs, linked budget measures, and results indicators added or dropped.

YearWhat changedSource
2019-20Spending $826M, against $655M in 2018-19 (+26%).Actual spending (GC InfoBase)
2020-21Indicators added: Number of net specific claims added to the specific claims inventoryDepartmental Results Framework (GC InfoBase)
2020-21Indicators dropped: Number of settlement agreements concludedDepartmental Results Framework (GC InfoBase)
2020-21Spending $1.77B, against $826M in 2019-20 (+114%).Actual spending (GC InfoBase)
2021-22Spending $417M, against $1.77B in 2020-21 (−76%).Actual spending (GC InfoBase)
2022-23Spending $3.6B, against $417M in 2021-22 (+764%).Actual spending (GC InfoBase)
2024-25Spending $8.35B, against $2.82B in 2023-24 (+196%).Actual spending (GC InfoBase)
2025-26Indicators added: Cumulative number of specific claims resolved since the Program's inception in 1973Departmental Results Framework (GC InfoBase)
2025-26Indicators dropped: Number of net specific claims added to the specific claims inventoryDepartmental Results Framework (GC InfoBase)
2025-26Planned spending $4.83B, against $8.35B in 2024-25 (−42%).Latest Departmental Plan
2026-27Planned spending $1.66B, against $4.83B in 2025-26 (−66%).Latest Departmental Plan
2027-28Planned spending $68.7M, against $1.66B in 2026-27 (−96%).Latest Departmental Plan

Success criteria

The program's indicators from its department's Departmental Results Framework: the target set in each year's plan, and the result reported the following year. Source: GC InfoBase.

Historical: targets against results

Number of net specific claims added to the specific claims inventory
Expected result: Certainty for government, industry and all Canadians
562020-21✓ met332021-22✗ not met132022-23✓ met452023-24✓ met

Bars: result reported. Dashed line: target.

Report yearTargetDueResultStatus
2020-21≥ 43202156Met
2021-22≥ 43202233
This indicator represents new claims filed by First Nations minus claims settled through negotiation. The department has no control on the number of claims filed by First Nations.
Not met
2022-2333 – 33202313
The department has no control over the number of claims filed by First Nations. The initial target was a projection of anticipated claims.
Met
2023-24≥ 33202445Met
2024-25Not available202555
As Canada has no control over the filing of new claims by First Nations, a target cannot be established.
No result reported
Number of settlement agreements concluded
Expected result: Certainty for government, industry and all Canadians
442018-19✓ met332019-20✓ met

Bars: result reported. Dashed line: target.

Report yearTargetDueResultStatus
2018-19≥ 12201944Met
2019-20≥ 16202033Met

Current: the 2026-27 plan's targets

No indicators in the 2026-27 plan.

Future goals: targets due after 2026-27

No targets with a later due date.

Spending and employees: planned against actual

Spending

2018-19: $721M2018-19: $655M2018-192019-20: $706M2019-20: $826M2019-202020-21: $1.43B2020-21: $1.77B2020-212021-22: $1.21B2021-22: $417M2021-222022-23: $2.37B2022-23: $3.6B2022-232023-24: $1.87B2023-24: $2.82B2023-242024-25: $6.02B2024-25: $8.35B2024-252025-26: $4.83B2025-262026-27: $1.66B2026-272027-28: $68.7M2027-28
Outlined bar: planned in that year's Departmental Plan (dashed: the latest plan, for years not yet reported). Filled bar: actual.
Show the numbers
Fiscal yearPlannedActual
2018-19$721M$655M
2019-20$706M$826M
2020-21$1.43B$1.77B
2021-22$1.21B$417M
2022-23$2.37B$3.6B
2023-24$1.87B$2.82B
2024-25$6.02B$8.35B
2025-26$4.83B—
2026-27$1.66B*—
2027-28$68.7M*—

Employees (FTEs)

2018-19: 982018-19: 982018-192019-20: 992019-20: 1082019-202020-21: 1072020-21: 1072020-212021-22: 1072021-22: 1182021-222022-23: 1202022-23: 1122022-232023-24: 1132023-24: 1282023-242024-25: 1482024-25: 1522024-252025-26: 1482025-262026-27: 1482026-272027-28: 1482027-28
Outlined bar: planned in that year's Departmental Plan (dashed: the latest plan, for years not yet reported). Filled bar: actual.
Show the numbers
Fiscal yearPlannedActual
2018-199898
2019-2099108
2020-21107107
2021-22107118
2022-23120112
2023-24113128
2024-25148152
2025-26148—
2026-27148*—
2027-28148*—

Planned spending, plan by plan

Each row is one year's Departmental Plan and its forecast for the next three fiscal years; read a column down to see how the forecast for one year changed. The last row is what was actually spent. Click an amount for its source. Biggest changes in federal spending plans

Actual spending is from Departmental Results Reports and the Public Accounts, as published in GC InfoBase. FTEs are full-time equivalents.